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Docs/Platform/Databases

Manage databases

A database is a container for SQL objects such as schemas, tables, views, functions, and indexes. In the Neon object hierarchy, a database exists within a branch of a project. While there is no strict limit on the number of databases you can create, we recommend keeping it under 500 per branch.

If you do not specify your own database name when creating a project, your project's default branch is created with a database called neondb, which is owned by your project's default role (see Manage roles for more information). You can create your own databases in a project's default branch or in a child branch.

All databases in Neon are created with a public schema. SQL objects are created in the public schema, by default. For more information about the public schema, refer to The Public schema, in the PostgreSQL documentation.

note

As of Postgres 15, only a database owner has the CREATE privilege on a database's public schema. For other users, the CREATE privilege must be granted manually via a GRANT CREATE ON SCHEMA public TO <username>; statement. For more information, see Public schema privileges.

Databases belong to a branch. If you create a child branch, databases from the parent branch are copied to the child branch. For example, if database mydb exists in the parent branch, it will be copied to the child branch. The only time this does not occur is when you create a branch that includes data up to a particular point in time. If a database was created in the parent branch after that point in time, it is not duplicated in the child branch.

Neon supports creating and managing databases from the following interfaces:

Manage databases in the Neon Console

This section describes how to create, view, and delete databases in the Neon Console.

The role that creates a database is automatically made the owner of that database. The neon_superuser role is also granted all privileges on databases created in the Neon Console. For information about this role, see The neon_superuser role.

Create a database

To create a database:

  1. Navigate to the Neon Console.
  2. Select a project.
  3. Select Branches from the sidebar.
  4. Select the branch where you want to create the database.
  5. Select the Roles & Databases tab.
  6. Click Add Database.
  7. Enter a database name, and select a database owner.
  8. Click Create.

note

Some names are not permitted. See Protected database names.

View databases

To view databases:

  1. Navigate to the Neon Console.
  2. Select a project.
  3. Select Branches from the sidebar.
  4. Select the branch where you want to view databases.
  5. Select the Roles & Databases tab.

Delete a database

Deleting a database is a permanent action. All database objects belonging to the database such as schemas, tables, and roles are also deleted.

To delete a database:

  1. Navigate to the Neon Console.
  2. Select a project.
  3. Select Databases from the sidebar.
  4. Select a branch to view the databases in the branch.
  5. For the database you want to delete, click the delete icon.
  6. In the confirmation dialog, click Delete.

Manage databases with the Neon CLI

The Neon CLI supports creating and deleting databases. For instructions, see Neon CLI commands — databases.

Manage databases with the Neon API

Database actions performed in the Neon Console can also be also performed using the Neon API. The following examples demonstrate how to create, view, update, and delete databases using the Neon API. For other database-related methods, refer to the Neon API reference.

In Neon, a database belongs to a branch, which means that when you create a database, it is created in a branch. Database-related requests are therefore performed using branch API methods.

note

The API examples that follow may not show all user-configurable request body attributes that are available to you. To view all attributes for a particular method, refer to the method's request body schema in the Neon API reference.

The jq option specified in each example is an optional third-party tool that formats the JSON response, making it easier to read. For information about this utility, see jq.

Prerequisites

A Neon API request requires an API key. For information about obtaining an API key, see Create an API key. In the cURL examples below, $NEON_API_KEY is specified in place of an actual API key, which you must provide when making a Neon API request.

Create a database with the API

The following Neon API method creates a database. To view the API documentation for this method, refer to the Neon API reference.

The role specified by owner_name is the owner of that database.

POST /projects/{project_id}/branches/{branch_id}/databases

note

Some names are not permitted for databases. See Protected database names.

The API method appears as follows when specified in a cURL command. The project_id and branch_id are required parameters, and a database name and owner are required attributes.

curl 'https://console.neon.tech/api/v2/projects/hidden-cell-763301/branches/br-blue-tooth-671580/databases' \
  -H 'Accept: application/json' \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $NEON_API_KEY" \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
  "database": {
    "name": "mydb",
    "owner_name": "casey"
  }
}' | jq
Response body
{
  "database": {
    "id": 1140822,
    "branch_id": "br-blue-tooth-671580",
    "name": "mydb",
    "owner_name": "casey",
    "created_at": "2023-01-04T21:17:17Z",
    "updated_at": "2023-01-04T21:17:17Z"
  },
  "operations": [
    {
      "id": "6fc5969a-c445-4bc1-9f94-4dfbab4ad293",
      "project_id": "hidden-cell-763301",
      "branch_id": "br-blue-tooth-671580",
      "endpoint_id": "ep-aged-math-668285",
      "action": "apply_config",
      "status": "running",
      "failures_count": 0,
      "created_at": "2023-01-04T21:17:17Z",
      "updated_at": "2023-01-04T21:17:17Z"
    },
    {
      "id": "a0e78873-399a-45e4-9728-dde0b36f0941",
      "project_id": "hidden-cell-763301",
      "branch_id": "br-blue-tooth-671580",
      "endpoint_id": "ep-aged-math-668285",
      "action": "suspend_compute",
      "status": "scheduling",
      "failures_count": 0,
      "created_at": "2023-01-04T21:17:17Z",
      "updated_at": "2023-01-04T21:17:17Z"
    }
  ]
}

List databases with the API

The following Neon API method lists databases for the specified branch. To view the API documentation for this method, refer to the Neon API reference.

GET /projects/{project_id}/branches/{branch_id}/databases

The API method appears as follows when specified in a cURL command. The project_id and branch_id are required parameters.

curl 'https://console.neon.tech/api/v2/projects/hidden-cell-763301/branches/br-blue-tooth-671580/databases' \
  -H 'Accept: application/json' \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $NEON_API_KEY" | jq
Response body
{
  "databases": [
    {
      "id": 1139149,
      "branch_id": "br-blue-tooth-671580",
      "name": "neondb",
      "owner_name": "casey",
      "created_at": "2023-01-04T18:38:23Z",
      "updated_at": "2023-01-04T18:38:23Z"
    },
    {
      "id": 1140822,
      "branch_id": "br-blue-tooth-671580",
      "name": "mydb",
      "owner_name": "casey",
      "created_at": "2023-01-04T21:17:17Z",
      "updated_at": "2023-01-04T21:17:17Z"
    }
  ]
}

Update a database with the API

The following Neon API method updates the specified database. To view the API documentation for this method, refer to the Neon API reference.

PATCH /projects/{project_id}/branches/{branch_id}/databases/{database_name}

The API method appears as follows when specified in a cURL command. The project_id and branch_id are required parameters. This example updates the database name value to database1.

curl 'https://console.neon.tech/api/v2/projects/hidden-cell-763301/branches/br-blue-tooth-671580/databases/mydb' \
  -H 'Accept: application/json' \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $NEON_API_KEY" \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
  "database": {
    "name": "database1"
  }
}' | jq
Response body
{
  "database": {
    "id": 1140822,
    "branch_id": "br-blue-tooth-671580",
    "name": "database1",
    "owner_name": "casey",
    "created_at": "2023-01-04T21:17:17Z",
    "updated_at": "2023-01-04T21:17:17Z"
  },
  "operations": [
    {
      "id": "7a3e05b0-385e-490c-a6a3-60bbb8906f57",
      "project_id": "hidden-cell-763301",
      "branch_id": "br-blue-tooth-671580",
      "endpoint_id": "ep-aged-math-668285",
      "action": "apply_config",
      "status": "running",
      "failures_count": 0,
      "created_at": "2023-01-04T21:19:35Z",
      "updated_at": "2023-01-04T21:19:35Z"
    },
    {
      "id": "f2805f7f-4d83-4c58-b3d1-dc678e699106",
      "project_id": "hidden-cell-763301",
      "branch_id": "br-blue-tooth-671580",
      "endpoint_id": "ep-aged-math-668285",
      "action": "suspend_compute",
      "status": "scheduling",
      "failures_count": 0,
      "created_at": "2023-01-04T21:19:35Z",
      "updated_at": "2023-01-04T21:19:35Z"
    }
  ]
}

Delete a database with the API

The following Neon API method deletes the specified database. To view the API documentation for this method, refer to the Neon API reference.

DELETE /projects/{project_id}/branches/{branch_id}/databases/{database_name}

The API method appears as follows when specified in a cURL command. The project_id, branch_id, and database_name are required parameters.

curl -X 'DELETE' \
  'https://console.neon.tech/api/v2/projects/hidden-cell-763301/branches/br-blue-tooth-671580/databases/database1' \
  -H 'Accept: application/json' \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $NEON_API_KEY" | jq
Response body
{
  "database": {
    "id": 1140822,
    "branch_id": "br-blue-tooth-671580",
    "name": "database1",
    "owner_name": "casey",
    "created_at": "2023-01-04T21:17:17Z",
    "updated_at": "2023-01-04T21:17:17Z"
  },
  "operations": [
    {
      "id": "1a52afa4-f21b-4ed0-a97f-f7abda9ab49f",
      "project_id": "hidden-cell-763301",
      "branch_id": "br-blue-tooth-671580",
      "endpoint_id": "ep-aged-math-668285",
      "action": "apply_config",
      "status": "running",
      "failures_count": 0,
      "created_at": "2023-01-04T21:20:24Z",
      "updated_at": "2023-01-04T21:20:24Z"
    },
    {
      "id": "f3fe437e-259a-4442-a750-3613d89dbbff",
      "project_id": "hidden-cell-763301",
      "branch_id": "br-blue-tooth-671580",
      "endpoint_id": "ep-aged-math-668285",
      "action": "suspend_compute",
      "status": "scheduling",
      "failures_count": 0,
      "created_at": "2023-01-04T21:20:24Z",
      "updated_at": "2023-01-04T21:20:24Z"
    }
  ]
}

Manage databases with SQL

You can create and manage databases in Neon with SQL, as you can with any standalone Postgres installation. To create a database, issue a CREATE DATABASE statement from a client such as psql or from the Neon SQL Editor.

CREATE DATABASE testdb;

Most standard Postgres CREATE DATABASE parameters are supported with the exception of TABLESPACE. This parameter requires access to the local file system, which is not permitted in Neon.

The role that creates a database is the owner of the database.

note

As of Postgres 15, only a database owner has the CREATE privilege on a database's public schema. For other users, the CREATE privilege on the public schema must be granted explicitly via a GRANT CREATE ON SCHEMA public TO <username>; statement. For more information, see Public schema privileges.

For more information about database object privileges in Postgres, see Privileges.

Protected database names

The following names are protected and cannot be given to a database:

  • postgres
  • template0
  • template1

Need help?

Join our Discord Server to ask questions or see what others are doing with Neon. Users on paid plans can open a support ticket from the console. For more details, see Getting Support.

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